Optimalisasi Pengendalian Persediaan Barang Menggunakan Metode Always Better Control (ABC) dan Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) Untuk Meminimalkan Overstock

Abstract

Inventory is a critical aspect of company operations because it affects the smoothness of business processes and cost efficiency. Toko Material Bangunan Baru Jaya faces overstock issues in several types of materials due to the absence of a quantitative-based inventory control system, resulting in high storage costs. This study aims to analyze the inventory conditions that trigger overstock, classify items using the Always Better Control (ABC) method, and determine optimal inventory control policies for category A items using the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), Safety Stock (SS), Reorder Point (ROP), and Total Inventory Cost (TIC) methods. This research employs a quantitative descriptive approach, analyzing demand, inventory, and unit-price data from January to December 2024 for 10 types of materials selected through purposive sampling from more than 50 items managed by the store. The results show that the overstock value for the 10 materials reached IDR 78,532,000. ABC classification produced four category-A items—Cement, Lightweight Concrete Block, 10 mm Steel Bar, and Bricks—contributing 75.46% of annual usage value. The application of EOQ, Safety Stock, and Reorder Point resulted in more economical order quantities and more precise reorder points, reducing Total Inventory Cost from IDR 6,792,666 to IDR 4,022,460 per year, a cost efficiency of 40.79%. Thus, the ABC and EOQ methods proved effective in improving inventory control effectiveness and cost efficiency at Toko Material Bangunan Baru Jaya.