Pemanfaatan Panas Tungku Pembakaran Bata Merah Untuk Pembangkit Listrik Menggunakan Thermoelectric Generator
Keywords:
Thermoelectric Generator, Waste Heat, Red Brick Furnace, Seebeck Effect.Abstract
Traditional red brick kilns generate waste heat that is not optimally utilized and is generally wasted into the environment. This waste heat actually has the potential to be converted into electrical energy through the use of the Seebeck effect using a thermoelectric generator (TEG). This study aims to design a system for utilizing waste heat from red brick kilns into electrical energy, analyze the theoretical potential of the electrical energy produced, and evaluate the performance of the TEG system based on actual test results. The designed system consists of 20 TEG modules connected in series with a waterblock cooling system and installed in the kiln chamber. Testing was conducted under three conditions: no load, with a water circulation pump load, and with a combined pump and lamp load. The parameters measured included hot and cold side temperatures, temperature difference (ΔT), voltage, current, and electrical power. All data were recorded using a data logger system based on type-K thermocouple sensors and INA219. The results of testing without load showed that at an average temperature difference of 28.60 °C, the TEG system was able to produce an average voltage of 14.51 V. In testing with load, the average electrical power received by the battery was in the range of 0.2 to 0.28 W after passing through the step-down converter. Based on theoretical analysis, with a battery capacity of 4 V / 4.5 Ah or 18 Wh and an average charging power of 0.2 W, the battery charging time is estimated to reach around 90 hours under ideal conditions. The difference between theoretical and actual results is due to energy losses, uneven temperature differences in each TEG module, and cooling system limitations. The results of the study show that the TEG system is capable of utilizing waste heat from red brick kilns as a small-scale alternative energy source. Although the power generated is relatively low, this system can be used for low-power loads.
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